The INTCK function is used to calculate the difference between dates, times or datetime values in SAS.
Syntax of INTCK Function
The syntax of INTCK is as follows -
INTCK(date-or-time-interval, start-date-or-time, end-date-or-time, [method])
- date-or-time-interval : Date or time period needs to be defined in the first parameter. For eg. MONTH, YEAR, QTR, WEEK, HOUR, MINUTE etc. Specify period in single quotes.
- start-date-or-time : Starting date or time to calculate the number of periods.
- end-date-or-time : End date or time to calculate the number of periods.
- method : Optional Parameter. Method to calculate the difference such as 'CONTINUOUS' or 'DISCRETE'. By default, it is DISCRETE.
Simple Example of INTCK Function
Calculate the number of years between two dates. In this case, two dates are 01JAN2015 and 01JAN2017.
data temp; date1 = '01JAN2015'd; date2 = '01JAN2017'd; no_of_years = intck ('YEAR', date1, date2); format date1 date2 date9.; proc print data = temp; run;
The 'YEAR' keyword tells SAS to calculate the number of intervals between dates in terms of year. Since 01JAN2015 is a starting date, it is specified in the INTCK function before 01JAN2017. The FORMAT statement is used to display datevalues in date format when we print our results.
The output is shown below -
Other alias of year - 'YEARS' and 'YR'-
no_of_years = intck ('YEARS', date1, date2) no_of_years = intck ('YR', date1, date2)
SAS INTCK Examples
Like calculation of years, we can use other intervals such as semiyear, quarter, month, week, day. The examples of these intervals are displayed below -
data temp; date1 = '01JAN2015'd; date2 = '01JAN2017'd; no_of_years = intck ('YEAR', date1, date2); no_of_semiyears = intck ('SEMIYEAR', date1, date2); no_of_quarters = intck ('QUARTER', date1, date2); no_of_months = intck ('MONTH', date1, date2); no_of_weeks = intck ('WEEK', date1, date2); no_of_days = intck ('DAY', date1, date2); format date1 date2 date9.; proc print data = temp noobs; run;
Custom Intervals using INTCK Function
Suppose you are asked to calculate the number of 4 months interval between two dates.
data temp; date1 = '01JAN2015'd; date2 = '01JAN2017'd; no_of_4months = intck ('MONTH4', date1, date2); run;
The MONTH4 interval implies interval is of 4 months. It is equal to the number of months divided by 4. Don't confuse it with QUARTERS. QUARTERS is equal to interval of 3 months. Remember 4 Quarters in an year.
Result : no_of_4months = 6
Similarly, we can use the custom intervals in YEAR, QUARTER and other periods. For example, 'YEAR2' tells SAS the interval is of 2 years. It would return 1 for the above mentioned dates.
Let's compare YEAR
and YEAR.3
by calculating the number of years between two dates using the INTCK function.
data temp; date1 = '31JAN2015'd; date2 = '31DEC2016'd; diff = intck ('YEAR', date1, date2); diff2 = intck ('YEAR.3', date1, date2); format date1 date2 date9.; proc print; run;
Function | Result |
---|---|
intck ('YEAR', '31JAN2015'd, '31DEC2016'd) | 1 |
intck ('YEAR.3', '31JAN2015'd, '31DEC2016'd) | 2 |
- intck ('YEAR', date1, date2) - It checks the number of times first of January appears as first of january is set as a starting point by default. The variable diff returns 1 as it includes only 01JAN 2016.
- intck ('YEAR.3', date1, date2) - It checks the number of times first of March appears as YEAR.3 refers to the period starting from 1st of March to end of February next year. The variable diff2 returns 2 as it includes 01 March 2015 and 01March 2016.
INTCK function says there is a month difference between 25OCT2016 and 03NOV2016. But there is no month difference between 01OCT2016 and 31OCT2016. How?
data temp; month1= intck('month', '25OCT2016'd, '03NOV2016'd); month2= intck('month', '01OCT2016'd, '31OCT2016'd); proc print; run;
Function | Result |
---|---|
intck ('month', '25OCT2016'd, '03NOV2016'd) | 1 |
intck ('month', '01OCT2016'd, '31OCT2016'd) | 0 |
INTCK checks whether the first day of the month lies with in the range. In the first case, 01 November falls between October 25 and November 03 so it returns 1. In the second case, it returns 0 as 01 November does not fall between 01OCT2016 and 31OCT2016.
How to correct it?
Add one more parameter at end of INTCK function. In the parameter, specify 'C' which refers to continuous method for calculation.
data temp; month1= intck('month', '25OCT2016'd, '03NOV2016'd, 'C'); proc print; run;
The above function returns 0.
The CONTINUOUS method calculates continuous time from the start-of-period date specified in the second parameter of INTCK function.
Calculating Weekdays with INTCK Function
Suppose you are asked to calculate the number of weekdays -
data eg; weekdays = intck('WEEKDAY', '11DEC2016'd ,'18DEC2016'd); proc print; run;
It returns 5. In this case, saturday and sunday are considered weekends and excluding from the calculation.
If you need to calculate number of working days between 2 dates considering 6 weekdays -
data eg; weekdays = intck('WEEKDAY1W', '11DEC2016'd ,'18DEC2016'd); proc print; run;
WEEKDAY1W implies sunday as weekend (1=Sunday, 2= MONDAY... 7=Saturday)
data eg; weekdays = intck('WEEKDAY24W', '11DEC2016'd ,'16DEC2016'd); proc print; run;
WEEKDAY24W means MONDAY and WEDNESDAY are weekends. The above function returns 3.
Calculate between Datetime values
Suppose you need to calculate hours, minutes and seconds between two datetime values.
data temp2; hours=intck('hour','01jan2016:10:50:00'dt,'01jan2016:11:55:00'dt); minutes=intck('minute','01jan2016:10:50:00'dt,'01jan2016:11:55:00'dt); seconds=intck('second','01jan2016:10:50:00'dt,'01jan2016:11:55:00'dt); proc print noobs; run;
Result - 1 hour, 65 minutes and 3900 seconds
Time Difference using INTCK Function
To calculate the time difference between two times using the INTCK function, you need to specify the time interval you want to measure. Here's the syntax of the INTCK function:
data temp3; hours=intck('hour','12:00:00't, '23:05:00't); minutes=intck('minute','12:00:00't,'23:05:00't); seconds=intck('second','12:00:00't,'23:05:00't); proc print noobs; run;
Result : 11 hours 665 minutes 39900 seconds
Thank u so much Deepanshu Bhalla. Awesome Explanation.
ReplyDeleteI have a doubt,
In the Set Custom Weekends part the differnce b/w the dates 11DEC2016 and 16DEC2016 is '6 days'. So on passing the function 'WEEKDAY24W' it will consider Monday and Wednesday as weekends, so the number of weekdays must be
(6-2) = 4 right? But y is it returning 3? Can u please explain?
It is because the difference between two days are 5 (not including 16DEC). See the code below -
Deletedata eg;
days = intck('DAY', '11DEC2016'd ,'16DEC2016'd);
proc print;
run;
Thank You got it. :)
DeleteCalculate the months,weeks and days separately since the coupon expiry date (from current date to 31-mar-2014)
Deleteif there is given coupon expiry date starting from 20feb2014,then how to calculate such type of problem??explain plz
Hi thank you for your help. I just have one question - When I am trying to find out the no of weeks between 01/11/2014 and 01/03/2015, it is showing 51 when the answer should be 52. Can you please suggest why this is so?
ReplyDeleteWeek start from Sunday. As you are taking date which is starting from Saturday, it is calculating Saturday as 1 week.
Deletetry to use continuous method for calculation.
Great explaination. Thank you
ReplyDeleteHi Deepanshu, when i m using "C" in intck fn sas hitting error saying "intck function call has too many arguments". please explain.
ReplyDelete"c" method is not supported in older version.
DeleteApp_Yr_Mon = intnx('month',disbursed_dt,0,'E').....What does E stand for ?
ReplyDeleteE stands for 'ending' usually returns last day of the month, etc. Don't confuse intck with intnx function. It's a different function at all.
DeleteHi
ReplyDeletedata x;
input name$ date1 date2 date10.;
x1=intck('Month',date1,date2);
datalines;
neha '01DEC2018'd '01DEC2018'd
Gupta '01DEC2018'd '11DEC2018'd
Goyal '01DEC2018'd '10DEC2018'd
;
Run;
Could you please guide me what is the wrong with this code?
Hello
Deletetry this :
data x;
input name$ date1 date10. date2 date10.;
x1=intck('Month',date1,date2);
format date1 date2 date10.;
datalines;
neha 01DEC2018 01DEC2018
Gupta 01DEC2018 11DEC2018
Goyal 01DEC2018 10DEC2018
;
Run;
Can you please show any example which have multiple dates in dataset
ReplyDeleteLike i have a dataset which have 10 participant. Date of birth for all employees are different and i want to know how old they are on 12/30/2017 date.
Calculate the months,weeks and days separately since the coupon expiry date (from current date to 31-mar-2014)
ReplyDeleteif there is given coupon expiry date starting from 20feb2014,then how to calculate such type of problem??explain plz
what is the use of noobs?
ReplyDeleteIt will not show observations no. as first variable.
Deleteit supresses the number of obesevatin
DeleteI love this site as quick correct responses to questions asked !!
ReplyDeletehow week is calculated between two dates if i have 19DEC2019 and 24DEC2019 then sas says its 1 week but 06JAN2020 and 10JAN2020 sas says week is 0 how? please tell me logic
ReplyDeletecan anyone write the code to find the differences between those dates.
ReplyDeletedata arjun;
input startday:$10. endday:$10. ;
datalines;
11jan2012 30jan2012
12jan2012 30jan2012
11mar2012 30mar2012
12apr2012 30may2012
31mar2022 15may2022
31mar2022 25may2022
;
run;
Thank you so much Deepanshu Bhalla. Great explanation. I just have a question: I want to use intck function for data deduplication. I need to remove obs for the same person with different testing dates <12 months and keep the obs with > 12 months difference.
ReplyDelete