This tutorial explains how to convert a string to lowercase, uppercase and proper case in SAS, along with examples.
The descriptions and syntax of LOWCASE, UPCASE, PROPCASE, ANYLOWER, and ANYUPPER functions are as follows:
- LOWCASE: Converts a string to lowercase.
Syntax:lowercase_string = lowcase(original_string);
- UPCASE: Converts a string to uppercase.
Syntax:uppercase_string = upcase(original_string);
- PROPCASE: Converts a string to proper case.
Syntax:propercase_string = propcase(original_string);
- ANYLOWER: Returns position of first lowercase character.
Syntax:position = anylower(original_string);
- ANYUPPER: Returns position of first uppercase character.
Syntax:position = anyupper(original_string);
Let's create a sample SAS dataset that will be used in the examples of this tutorial.
data mydata; input company $ 1-20; cards; google gooGle Microsoft APPLE ; run;
How to Convert Strings to Uppercase
The following code uses the upcase() function to convert the values in the "company" variable to uppercase, and the result is stored in the new variable "company_new".
data example; set mydata; company_new = upcase(company); run;
How to Convert Strings to Lowercase
The following code uses the lowcase() function to convert the values in the "company" variable to lowercase, and the result is stored in the new variable "company_new".
data example; set mydata; company_new = lowcase(company); run;
How to Convert Strings to Proper Case
The following code uses the propcase() function to convert the values in the "company" variable to proper case, and the result is stored in the new variable "company_new".
Proper case refers to a style where the first letter of each word is in uppercase, while the remaining letters are in lowercase. For example, consider the sentence: "hello world". In proper case, it would be written as: "Hello World".
data example; set mydata; company_new = propcase(company); run;
How to Detect Lowercase and Uppercase Letters
The following code calculates the positions of the first lowercase and uppercase characters in the "company" variable using the ANYLOWER and ANYUPPER functions. The results are stored in the "lower_position" and "upper_position" variables.
data example; set mydata; lower_position = ANYLOWER(company); upper_position= ANYUPPER(company); run;
Share Share Tweet